وسعتِ کائنات: قرآنِ مجید کے بیانات اور جدید سائنسی نظریات کا تقابلی و تحقیقی مطالعہ

Expanding Universe: A Comparative and Research-Based Study of the Qur’anic Descriptions and Modern Scientific Theories

Abstract

 The concept of the expanding universe has transformed human understanding of cosmology in the 20th century. In 1929, American astronomer Edwin Hubble, through observations at the Mount Wilson Observatory, discovered that distant galaxies are moving away from us, evidenced by the redshift in their light spectrum. This groundbreaking finding provided strong evidence that the universe is not static but continuously expanding. This discovery laid the foundation for the Big Bang theory, which proposes that the universe originated approximately 13.8 billion years ago from an extremely dense and hot singularity, expanding rapidly ever since. Remarkably, the Qur’an had described this reality more than fourteen centuries earlier. Surah Al-Anbiya (21:30) mentions that the heavens and the earth were once joined together before being separated, a concept closely aligned with the Big Bang model. Furthermore, Surah Adh-Dhariyat (51:47) states, “And We are expanding it,” directly referring to the ongoing expansion of the universe. The striking harmony between these Qur’anic verses and modern scientific discoveries underscores the deep connection between divine revelation and empirical observation. This study aims to present a comparative analysis of Qur’anic descriptions and contemporary cosmological theories, highlighting that both, despite their differing languages and methodologies, reveal the same cosmic reality. By examining the convergence of revelation and science, this research not only enhances our comprehension of the universe’s creation and expansion but also strengthens belief in the Creator’s infinite wisdom and power.