سیرت نگاری کا ارتقائی سفر: متقدمین و متاخرین کی خدمات اور عہدِ حاضر کے رجحانات کا تحقیقی و تجزیاتی مطالعہ

The Development of Seerah Literature: A Research and Analytical Study of Early Scholars, Later Contributors, and Contemporary Trends

Abstract

The study of Seerah encompasses a comprehensive exploration of the life of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), covering his personal character, moral conduct, preaching mission, political leadership, social dealings, and guiding principles. Seerah writing, as an academic discipline, has evolved over time to reflect the intellectual, cultural, and historical contexts of different eras. The early scholars (Mutakaddimīn) adopted a narrational and chronological approach, emphasizing chains of transmission (isnād) and accuracy of historical details, as exemplified in the works of Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Hisham, and al-Tabari. Later scholars (Mutakhkhirīn) refined these methods by integrating literary eloquence, analytical reasoning, and reformative perspectives, as seen in the contributions of Shibli Naumani, Syed Sulaiman Nadwi, and Maulana Maududi, who presented the Prophet’s life with intellectual depth and spiritual insight. In the modern era, Seerah writing has expanded to embrace interdisciplinary and thematic approaches, incorporating historical criticism, comparative studies, sociology, psychology, leadership studies, interfaith dialogue, and responses to contemporary global issues. This transformation reflects an ongoing effort to present the life of the Prophet not merely as a historical account but as a timeless source of guidance, applicable to diverse human experiences. Each era of Seerah scholarship has thus sought to convey the Prophet’s life as a complete, dynamic, and universal message for humanity, adapted to the intellectual and moral needs of its time.