اقبال کی شاعری میں اسلامی فلسفۂ تاریخ کا مطالعہ فارسی نظموں کی روشنی میں

The Study of Islamic Philosophy of History in Iqbal’s Poetry: In the Light of His Urdu and Persian Poems

Abstract

This paper explores the Islamic philosophy of history as reflected in the Urdu and Persian poetry of Allama Muhammad Iqbal. Iqbal does not view history as a mere sequence of events, but as a dynamic process of intellectual, moral, and spiritual evolution rooted in the principles of Tawhid (monotheism), Khudi (selfhood), and purposeful action. His poetic vision presents history as a manifestation of divine laws governing the rise and fall of nations based on their moral character, collective will, and spiritual consciousness. Drawing from both his Urdu and Persian works, the study analyzes how Iqbal integrates Quranic themes with historical insight, urging Muslims to learn from the past and shape their future with dignity, creativity, and divine purpose. His concept of history challenges fatalism and promotes an active, revivalist outlook rooted in Islamic ideals.