عصمتِ انبیاء اور سلطان محمد پال کے نظریات کا تحقیقی جائزہ

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF IRREPROACHABILITY OF THE PROPHETS AND SULTAN MUHAMMAD PAUL’S THOUGHTS

Abstract

This research article examines the claim put forth by Christian writers, particularly Sulṭān Paul, regarding the alleged fallibility of the Prophets as mentioned in the Qur’ān and ḥadīth. Sulṭān Paul was among the apostates of the Indian subcontinent who abandoned Islam, embraced Christianity, and later produced polemical writings against Islam. His objections largely revolve around Qur’ānic verses and Prophetic traditions, which he interpreted to question the irreproachability of the Prophets. The Islamic perspective on the purity and infallibility of Prophets is clarified by emphasizing that Qur’ānic references as their errors are not accounts of sins, but rather divinely intended lessons for the moral and spiritual education of humankind. The example of Adam and Eve highlights the importance of repentance and God’s mercy, while the prayers of Prophets, including those of Abraham and the Holy Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ), are explained as expressions of humility and models of supplication for their followers, not admissions of sin.