قرآنِ مجید کی روشنی میں نظامِ زکوٰۃ: وصولی و تقسیم کے اصولوں کا تحقیقی مطالعہ

The System of Zakāt in the Light of the Holy Qur’an: A Research Study of the Principles of Collection and Distribution

Abstract

Zakāt is a fundamental pillar of Islam and a cornerstone of its socio-economic system. Obligatory upon every eligible Muslim, Zakāt serves not only as a means of spiritual purification but also as a mechanism for ensuring equitable circulation of wealth within society. The Qur’an repeatedly emphasizes Zakāt alongside prayer, underscoring its religious and social significance. Through the institution of Zakāt, wealth is redistributed from the affluent to the underprivileged, thereby reducing economic disparity and strengthening social cohesion. This research study examines the Qur’anic foundations of the Zakāt system, with particular emphasis on the principles governing its collection and distribution. While both aspects form integral components of the Zakāt system, the study primarily focuses on the distribution of Zakāt, as outlined in the Qur’an. Special attention is given to Qur’anic verses that explicitly define the eligible beneficiaries of Zakāt and establish clear guidelines for its allocation. The study highlights that the Qur’anic framework of Zakāt distribution is not merely charitable in nature but represents a structured and divinely ordained system of social welfare. By ensuring that Zakāt reaches its rightful recipients through prescribed channels, Islam promotes economic justice, social balance, and moral responsibility. The findings affirm that adherence to Qur’anic directives regarding Zakāt distribution is essential for the effective functioning of the Islamic economic system and remains highly relevant for contemporary Muslim societies.