محکمہ اوقاف کے زیرِ تحویل خانقاہوں اور خانقاہ حضرت سلطان محمد باہو رحمۃ اللہ علیہ کے نظم و انصرام کا تقابلی مطالعہ

A Comparative Study of the Management of Government-Auqaaf Controlled Khanqahs and the Private Khanqah of Ḥaḍrat Sulṭān Muḥammad Bāhū (R.A.)

Abstract

This paper examines and compares the management systems of Sufi khanqahs administered by the Department of Auqaaf with that of the privately managed khanqah of Ḥaḍrat Sulṭān Muḥammad Bāhū (R.A.) located in Garh Maharaja, Shorkot, Punjab. The research highlights historical background, lineage, spiritual significance, and unique administrative practices that distinguish Sulṭān Muḥammad Bāhū’s khanqah from those governed by governmental authorities. It traces the life and contributions of Ḥaḍrat Sulṭān Muḥammad Bāhū, an eminent Sarwari Qādrī saint born in 1039 AH, renowned for his deep spiritual insight and literary legacy. The study further discusses the simplicity of his personal attire and the symbolic use of green, blue, and white turbans. It explores how the autonomy in the management of his khanqah helps preserve its original spiritual environment, traditional rituals, and local community involvement, whereas state-controlled khanqahs often operate under formal policies and standardized procedures that may overlook local spiritual dynamics. By juxtaposing these two models, the paper argues for a balanced approach that ensures accountability without compromising the living spiritual heritage of Sufi shrines. The research underscores the need to recognize and protect the unique cultural and religious roles these institutions play in fostering spirituality, social harmony, and religious education across generations.