من نظامِ الأفلاكِ إلى بناءِ الأخلاق – تشكّلات العدلِ في الخطابِ القرآنيِّ والنبويِّ ﷺ: دراسة موضوعية فنية

The Architecture of Justice: From Cosmic Order to Moral Formation in Qur'anic and Prophetic Discourse – A Thematic and Stylistic Study

Abstract

This study explores the manifestations of justice in the Qur’anic and Prophetic discourse, presenting justice as a comprehensive cosmic, ethical, and civilizational principle that governs the order of existence and shapes human conduct. It takes the concepts of the Measure (al-Mikyāl) and the Balance (al-Mīzān) as interpretive models to demonstrate how the revealed texts elevate them from physical instruments of measurement to profound symbols of equity, linking the harmony of the universe with the integrity of moral life. Employing a thematic and analytical approach, the study traces the linguistic origins and semantic development of these concepts and examines their Qur’anic and Prophetic usages. It highlights the intrinsic relationship between the order of the cosmos and the construction of ethical character, as well as between the balance of creation and the balance of the human conscience. The Qur’an presents justice as a divine law embedded in the fabric of creation and commands its realization in social relations, legal judgments, and human interactions, while the Prophetic Sunnah embodies these principles through sincerity, moral refinement, and ethical responsibility. The study concludes that justice in the Islamic worldview is not merely a legal norm or an isolated moral virtue; rather, it constitutes an integrated civilizational framework in which the laws of the universe, the objectives of the Sharīʿah, and the moral formation of humanity converge. Within this framework, the Measure and the Balance emerge as enduring symbols of the divine order through which the heavens remain in harmony, human character is refined, and societies flourish.